中医生命观的哲学思考

Philosophical Thinking on the Life View of Traditional Chinese Medicine

中医生命观是中医文化的独特组成部分,其思维特征中包含了整体主义、系统论和生态学层面。倪可老先生指出,中医学是一门“究天人之际,通健病之变,循生生之道,谋天人合德”的健康生态智慧学,这深刻揭示了中医生命观的科学内涵。中医生命观从本质上说是中医“生生之道”的体用合一:从“体”上说,“生生之道”包含了天人合一的生命模式、“气—阴阳—五行”的生命运动机制、“形—气—神”合一的身体结构;从“用”的层面则体现为中医通过对健病之变的把握,在辨证论治和养生中主张发展生生之气以实现生生之效。因而,从形而上的哲学视角把握中医“生生之道”的旨、理、法,为中医药文化的传承以及其与现代科学相结合提供了哲学基础和科学语境。

The life view of traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is a unique part of TCM culture,and its thinking features reflect the perspectives of holism,system theory and ecology.Mr.Ni Ke said that traditional Chinese medicine is a healthy ecological wisdom of“studying the nature and man,improving the changes of diseases,following the path of life and seeking harmony between nature and man”,which deeply reveals the scientific connotation of the life view of TCM.In essence,the life view of TCM is the unity of body and use of“the way of life and growth”in TCM.From the aspect of“body”,it includes the life mode of the unity of nature and man,the life movement mechanism of“qi-yin-yang-five elements”,and the body structure of“body-qi-spirit”.From the aspect of“use”,“the way of life and growth”is embodied in the understanding of the changes of health and disease in TCM,which advocates developing the vitality of life to achieve its effect.Therefore,it provides a philosophical basis and scientific context for the inheritance of traditional Chinese medicine culture and the combination with modern science to grasp the purpose,principle and law of“the way of life and growth”in traditional Chinese medicine from a metaphysical philosophical perspective.