基于DMSP-OLS和MODIS数据的宁夏城市化与生态环境耦合协调分析

Coupling coordination analysis of urbanization and eco-environment in Ningxia based on DMSP-OLS and MODIS data

科学认识城市化与生态环境耦合协调机制,对推动黄河流域及黄河所经地区生态保护和高质量发展具有重要意义。本文以宁夏回族自治区为例,采用长时间序列DMSP-OLS夜间灯光数据建立了适用于宁夏的城市夜间灯光指数(UNLI),并利用MOD09A1、MOD11A2提出了一种面向大区域尺度的遥感生态指数(RSEI)构建方法。在此基础上,采用耦合协调度模型(CCDM),探讨分析了2000—2012年宁夏5个地级市城市化与生态环境耦合协调发展过程。结果表明:(1)基于DMSP-OLS数据建立的宁夏城市夜间灯光指数与人均GDP,以及第一、二、三产业GDP相关性显著(p<0.001),能够较好地反映宁夏城市化水平。(2)基于MOD09A1、MOD11A2建立的遥感生态指数能够较好地反映宁夏生态环境质量时空变化特征。(3)宁夏城市化与生态环境耦合协调度呈稳定上升趋势,整体处于基本协调-生态环境滞后的转型阶段。研究结果对沿黄城市生态保护和高质量发展具有重要参考价值。

A scientific understanding of the coupling and coordination mechanism between urbanization and eco-environment is of great significance for promoting the ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin and the areas where the Yellow River passes. In this study, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is taken as an example and a long-time sequence of DMSP-OLS nighttime light data is used to establish an urban nighttime light index(UNLI). A method of constructing remote sensing ecological index(RSEI) for large regional scale is proposed by using MOD09 A1 and MOD11 A2. On this basis, the coupling coordination degree model(CCDM) is used to analyze the development process of urbanization and eco-environment of five prefecture level cities in Ningxia from 2000 to 2012. The results show that:(1)The UNLI of Ningxia is significantly correlated with GDP per capita, primary, secondary and tertiary industries(p<0.001), which can better reflect the level of urbanization.(2)The RSEI based on MOD09 A1 and MOD11 A2 can better reflect the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of Ningxia ecological environment quality.(3)The coupling coordination degree of urbanization and eco-environment of Ningxia show a steady upward trend. Ningxia is in the transformation stage of basic coordination and lagging eco-environment. The results have important reference value for ecological protection and high-quality development of cities along the Yellow River.