论仁宗朝科举制度之演变

Evolution of the Imperial Examination System during the Reign of Emperor Renzong in the Song Dynasty

仁宗朝科举考试制度在变化中渐趋稳定,渐趋完善,且有不断修补,成为后来历朝之模板。仁宗朝在探索两次贡举之间最合理的相隔年度,为后来制度定型打下良好的基础。进士录取数方面也相对稳定,总的趋势是在逐步微量增加。仁宗朝科举考试内容向重策论转移,即使诗赋命题,也更多地要求与伦理道德、现实政治相联系,同时倡导晓畅通达的科场文风。庆历新政之科举变革,上下兴起办学之风,学校教育得到长足发展。仁宗朝通过科举制度选拔,人才辈出。究其实质,与制度的相对规范和公正关系密切。

The imperial examination system gradually improved and stabilized through changes during the reign of Emperor Renzong in the Song Dynasty.It became the template of later dynasties after continuous revision.The most reasonable interval between two imperial examinations was explored during this period,which laid a solid foundation for the later finalized version of the system.The number of admitted scholars also became relatively stable with a slight increase as the general trend.The focus of imperial examinations shifted to essays on current affairs,and even poetry and fu examinations required more connection with ethics and current governance.At the same time,it advocated a clear and smooth style of writing.After the reform on imperial examinations in the Qingli Period,school education became popular all over the country and therefore gained great progress.Through the imperial examination system,generations of talents were selected during the reign of Emperor Renzong.In essence,it is closely related to the relatively regulated and fair system.