汽车防撞梁用超高强度钢的设计和选材研究现况

Research Status of Design and Material Selection of Ultra-high Strength Steels for Automobile Anti-collision Beams

有效提高汽车防撞梁用钢的性能是现代社会缓解能源危机和进行汽车轻量化的主要手段,不同高强钢的化学成分及加工工艺所生产的钢的性能及成本不同,为了提高能源利用率提高经济效益,合理选择高强钢生产防撞梁的要求更加严格。高强钢因具有优良的力学性能而广泛应用于汽车的零部件。本文介绍了双相钢(DP)、相变诱导塑性钢(TRIP)、马氏体钢(M)三种汽车防撞梁用钢在不同的合金成分及加工工艺下,对比介绍了它们的组织及性能,分析了不同热处理工艺下的力学性能,综述了三种汽车防撞梁用钢的成形性能。此外还阐述了对利用高强钢的性能对其进行结构的设计,使其在保证安全性能的前提下,实现汽车的轻量化。

Effectively improve the performance of automotive anti-collision beam steel is to relieve the energy crisis in modern society and the principal means of automobile lightweight,high strength steel of different chemical composition and processing technology of steel production performance and the cost is different,in order to improve the energy efficiency to improve the efficiency,the requirement of high strength steel production reasonable choice anticollision beam is more strict.High strength steel is widely used in automobile parts because of its excellent mechanical properties.This paper introduces the structure and properties of three kinds of steel used for automobile anti-collision beam,which are dual phase steel(DP),phase change induced plastic steel(TRIP)and martensitic steel(M),under different alloy composition and processing process.The mechanical properties under different heat treatment process are analyzed.The formability of three kinds of steel used for automobile anti-collision beam is summarized.In addition,the design of the structure of HSS based on the performance of HSS is also described,so that the lightweight of the vehicle can be realized on the premise of ensuring the safety performance.