低风险疾病情境下农村居民健康信息规避行为研究

Rural Residents'Health Information Avoidance Behavior in Lower Risk Disease Context

[目的/意义]本研究旨在揭示低风险疾病情境下农村居民健康信息规避的程度、策略、成因及其关联。[方法/过程]研究采用理论抽样方法和半结构化访谈法收集了江苏省45位农村居民的相关数据。研究采用开放式编码和主轴编码方法对访谈数据进行分析,同时采用社会网络分析软件对规避策略和成因之间的关系进行可视化展示。[结果/结论](1)农村居民在低风险疾病情境下存在全面型和选择型两种不同程度的健康信息规避。其中,全面型健康信息规避主要发生在信息需求阶段,具体的规避策略为完全不治疗;而选择型信息规避发生在信息获取阶段,具体的规避策略为自己治疗或者拖延治疗。(2)该情境下农村居民健康信息规避的成因主要包括感知风险、对信息源的信任、健康信息素养水平、文化水平、情绪、经济水平、小世界、时间和医疗资源的可及性。(3)农民健康信息规避的成因与规避策略存在特定的关联。文化水平和医疗资源的可及性只对完全不治疗规避策略有影响;情绪因素只对拖延治疗规避策略有影响;健康信息素养水平只对自己治疗规避策略有影响。该研究可为改善农村居民的健康状况提供指导建议。

[Purpose/Significance]The purpose of this study is to elaborate the extent,strategies,causes and their as sociation of rural residents'health information avoidance in the context of lower risk diseases.[Method/Process]The empirical data were gathered by theoretical sampling and semi-structured interview conducted with 45 rural residents in Jiangsu province.The data were scrutinized by open coding and axial coding,and the association between avoidance strategies and causes were visualized by social network analysis software.[Results/Conclusions]The study finds the following:(1)The extent of rural residents'health information avoidance varied from the comprehensive type to the selective type.Comprehensive avoidance occurred at the stage of information need with abandoning treatment strategies,while selective avoidance occurred at the stage of information acquisition with treating by themselves or delayed treatment.(2)The causes of avoidance includes perceived risk,trust in the source of information,the level of health information literacy,literacy level,emotion,economic level,small world,time and the accessibility of medical resources.(3)There is a specific correlation between the causes of rural residents'health information avoidance and avoidance strategies.The literacy level and the accessibility of medical resources only affect the strategy of abandoning treatment.Emotional factor only has influence on delaying treatment.The level of health information literacy only affects the strategy of treating by themselves avoidance strategy.The study can provide abundances and suggestions for improving the health status of rural residents.