气候变暖低碳可持续发展及碳足迹

Climate Warming,Low Carbon Sustainable Development and Carbon Footprint

发达国家自工业革命100余年中释放大量温室气体,使地球气候变暖,造成海平面上升,极端天气频现,危害人类生命安全。联合国为此召开多次气候大会,其中1997年气候会议签署《京都议定书》确定6种温室气体,开启低破可持续发展,并建立碳足迹制度;2015年气候会议,大部分国家签署《巴黎协定》,限定在本世纪中叶前实现气候温度上升在1.5℃以内,并规定各国在2021年11月联合国召开格拉斯哥气候变化大会前,需承诺碳零排放或碳中和,且在2021年4月22~23日的40国领导人气候峰会上,各主要经济体已提出相应目标,并加紧研发可再生能源。

Developed countries have released large amounts of greenhouse gases since the industrial revolution for more than 100 years,which has warmed the earth's climate,caused the sea level to rise,led to extreme weather and endangered human life and safety.The United Nations held many climate conferences.In 1997,the climate conference signed the Kyoto Protocol to identify six greenhouse gases and started low-carbon sustainable development.A carbon footprint system was established.At a climate conference in 2015,most countries signed the Paris Agreement,which set a deadline of mid-century for ratification.The rise in climate temperature rise will be within 1.5℃ in the middle of the century and states are required to convene the United Nations Climate Change Conference in Glasgow in November 2021.Before that,countries need to commit to zero carbon emissions or carbon neutrality,and have done so at the 40 Leaders Climate Summit on 22-23 April 2021.Major economies have put forward targets and stepped up research and development on renewable energy to meet their commitments.