长径比对重载工况水润滑轴承性能的影响

Effect of Length Diameter Ratio on the Lubrication Performance of Heavy⁃load Water Lubricated Bearings

水润滑轴承在工作中存在表面粗糙峰接触等摩擦问题,而合理的长径比可以改善轴承润滑状态。以重载水润滑轴承为研究对象,建立水润滑轴承混合润滑热模型,通过有限差分法计算求解,研究长径比对重载水润滑轴承性能的影响。结果表明:在相同载荷条件下,增大长径比可增强水膜承载力、提高最小膜厚进而改善轴承润滑状态,可使轴承压力分布均匀、削弱应力集中效应从而提高轴承使用寿命;低速时增大长径比可降低摩擦因数,但高速时摩擦因数随长径比的增大而增大;增大长径比还可降低轴承温度,但不利于水流的轴向端泄排出。

There are friction problem such as surface roughness peak contact in water lubricated bearings,and a appro⁃priate length diameter ratio can improve the lubrication state of bearings.Taking heavy⁃load water lubricated bearings as the research object,a thermal mixed lubrication model of water lubricated bearing was established.By solving the model with fi⁃nite differential method,the effect of length diameter ratio on the lubrication performance of heavy⁃load water lubricated bearings was studied.The results show that under constant load conditions,increasing length diameter ratio can improve capacity of water film,increase the minimum film thickness and improve the bearing lubrication state,and can make the bearing pressure distribution uniform to decrease the effect of stress concentration and improve the life of bearing.At low speed,increasing length diameter ratio can decrease the friction coefficient,but the tendency is opposite at high speed.A high length diameter ratio can decrease the bearing temperature but will hinder the discharge of water.