中法越南交涉时期中国的“瓯脱”筹议

China’s Proposal of“Ou Tuo”during the Sino-French Negotiation Regarding Vietnam

中法越南交涉时期,随着边疆形势日益危迫,“瓯脱”古法逐渐受到中国朝野重视。自1882年起,曾纪泽屡向法方阐发“隔阂”理论,法国则顺水推舟,提出有名无实的“瓯脱”方案。法国方案虽遭中方驳斥,但因越南局势变化,旋为醇亲王等人所注重。李福协定签订前后,国内请设“瓯脱”之声渐起。至《中法新约》议订时期,清廷亦开始积极谋划“瓯脱”。中法勘界前夕,清朝关于“瓯脱”的呼声更是空前高涨,然终因法方强烈反对而停息。这一时期的“瓯脱”筹议,深刻地反映出晚清国人利用传统思想资源挽救边疆危局的努力,其中亦足见清朝疆土观念走向近代的曲折。

During the Sino-French negotiation regarding Vietnam,as the frontier situation became more and more critical,the ancient plan of“Ou Tuo”gradually received attention from China.Since 1882,Zeng Jize has repeatedly explained the theory of“divestment”to France,while France has taken advantage of the situation and proposed the infamous plan of“Ou Tuo”.Although this proposal was refuted by China,due to changes in the situation in Vietnam,it was soon noticed by the Prince Chun and others.Before and after the signing of the Li Fu Agreement,the voice of“Ou Tuo”was set up gradually in China.During the negotiation period of the China-France New Treaty,the Qing court also began to actively plan“Ou Tuo”.On the eve of the Sino-French border demarcation,the call for“Ou Tuo”in the Qing Dynasty rose again,forming an unprecedented grand occasion,but it ended due to French opposition.The proposal of“Ou Tuo”in this period deeply reflected people’s efforts to use traditional ideological resources to save the borderland from crisis,and also showed the twists and turns of the evolution of the concept of territory in the Qing Dynasty.