从紧张到融合:改革开放初期海南农村土地纠纷的化解

From Tension to Integration:Resolution of Rural Land Disputes in Hainan in the Early Stage of Reform and Opening up

1952—1978年,为种植橡胶,海南国营农场不断开荒劈地,持续扩张所辖土地面积。使问题复杂化的是,国营农场与人民公社之间的土地界限几经体制变动,模糊不清。至改革开放初期,随着海南当地一些情况的变化,人民公社农民向国营农场争夺利益的冲突事件屡屡发生,土地纠纷全面爆发。对此,中共广东省委积极应对,从习仲勋两次亲赴海南进行调查研究到推动国务院202号文件出台,广东省委抓住问题本质,高瞻远瞩,对海南土地纠纷的化解提出了建设性意见,最终成功地将土地纠纷问题纳入至整个海南长远经济发展的大蓝图中加以解决,从而实现了国营农场与人民公社农民之间关系从紧张到融合的转变。让利于民、以人民为中心,是这场土地纠纷得以化解所遵循的基本宗旨。

From 1952 to 1978,in order to plant rubber,Hainan state-owned farm continued to open up wasteland and expand its land area.Complicating the problem is that the land boundary between state-owned farms and people’s communes has been blurred after several institutional changes.In the early stage of reform and opening up,with the changes of some local conditions in Hainan,People’s commune farmers often competed for interests from state-owned farms,and land disputes broke out in an all-round way.In this regard,the Guangdong provincial Party committee responded positively.From Xi Zhongxun’s two personal visits to Hainan for investigation and research to promoting the promulgation of Document No.202 of the State Council,the Guangdong provincial Party committee grasped the essence of the problem,took a long-term view,put forward constructive opinions on the resolution of land disputes in Hainan,and finally successfully incorporated the land dispute resolution into the blueprint for the long-term economic development of Hainan,Thus,the relationship between state-owned farms and people’s communes has changed from tension to integration.To benefit the people and focus on the people is the basic purpose followed by the resolution of this land dispute.