射电望远镜多目标观测策略优化

Optimization of Multi-objective Observation Strategy for Radio Telescope

望远镜调度是望远镜运行中的关键组成部分,用于辅助科研人员进行合理的观测计划安排,提高望远镜的运行效率,获取高质量的观测数据.然而,由于不同观测项目的科学需求不同,望远镜的调度过程十分复杂.针对短周期多目标的观测项目,考虑望远镜换源时转动时长、观测高度角等因素进行建模,采用贪心算法对中国科学院新疆天文台南山26 m望远镜脉冲星到达时间观测列表进行调度.通过模拟表明,使用算法完成的观测列表可以有效地减少观测过程中的平均转动时长,提升观测数据的质量,提高望远镜时间利用率,减少科研人员对观测列表编排的负担.

The telescope scheduling is a key component of telescope operation,which is used to assist scientists to make reasonable observation plans,improve the operation efficiency of telescopes,and get high-quality data from observations.However,because of the different requirements of various science projects,the scheduling process of the telescope is very complicated.In this work,for the project of short-period and multi-objective observation,we consider the effects of slew time between two objectives and observation elevation of the telescope,and model the problem.The greedy algorithm is used to make a plan of pulsar TOA(Time of Arrival)observation of the Nanshan 26 m telescope in Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences.Simulations show that the list completed by the algorithm can reduce the slew time consumption of the observation process,improve the quality of observation data,and reduce the burden of scientists on the arrangement of the observation list.