适用于设施土壤镉钝化的材料选择与施用

Selection and Application of Soil Amendments for Remediating Cadmium-contaminated Greenhouse Soils

土壤中积累的重金属镉(Cd)会通过食物链危害人体健康。当土壤镉含量超过风险筛选值时,会进一步增加对蔬菜生产的风险。近年来,随着种植年限的增加,设施菜田土壤中镉含量呈净累积状态,增加了蔬菜产品中镉含量超标的风险,因此控制土壤镉的生物有效性势在必行。本文针对设施土壤易出现钙、镁淋洗及土壤酸化等诱使有效态镉含量增加的问题,综述了可用于控制土壤镉有效性的不同钝化材料及其作用机理;提出了基于设施土壤改良方式来控制土壤镉的生物有效性,降低其在蔬菜体内的累积风险,可为设施土壤调理剂的合理选择以及蔬菜安全优质生产提供参考。

Accumulated heavy metal cadmium(Cd)in soil can harm human health through food chain.When the Cd content in soil exceeds the risk Eco-SSLs,it will further increase the risk for vegetableproduction.In recent years,with the increase of planting years,the Cd content in greenhouse vegetable soil showed a net accumulated status,which had increased the risk of excessive Cd content in vegetable products.Thus,it is imperative to control Cd bio-availability in soil.Aiming at the increased Cd content induced by magnesium and calcium leaching,soil acidification,etc.in greenhouse soil,this paper reviewed different passive materials being used to effectively control Cd effectiveness and its mechanism of action;put forward a facility soil improvement pattern to control Cd bio-availability in soil,thus to reduce the risk of Cd accumulation inside of vegetable plant,and to provide references for rational selection of facility soil conditioner and for vegetable production with safety and superior quality.