地表臭氧污染与其他环境因子复合胁迫对中国城市森林的影响研究进展

Progress in the Interactions of Ozone Pollution and Other Environmental Stress on Urban Forests in China

地表臭氧污染(O_(3))和气候变化加剧成为当今威胁城市森林可持续发展的关键环境要素.目前对于O_(3)单一因子对城市树木的影响研究已很难用于准确评估自然城市环境条件下由多种环境因子交互作用而产生的复杂生态效应.本文综述了O_(3)与二氧化碳(CO_(2))、干旱、氮(N)沉降和升温的两两交互以及三因子交互作用对中国城市树木生理生化和生长的影响,探讨了O_(3)与其他环境因子对树木的交互作用机制过程.CO_(2)升高在光合代谢、抗氧化系统以及生长发育等方面能一定程度缓解O_(3)升高对树木的负效应.O_(3)和干旱的交互影响存在复杂的作用过程,可能协同加重植物损伤,也可能拮抗减轻植物伤害,或者无交互效应.O_(3)和N沉降对树木无交互效应.增温和O_(3)对树木存在显著的交互作用,增温减缓了O_(3)对树木生长和光合作用的不利影响.最后,还提出了未来研究的发展方向,为我国应对未来气候变化和空气污染下的城市森林管理及可持续发展提供科学指导.

Ground-level ozone pollution(O_(3))and climate change have become key global problems threatening the environment and sustainable development of urban forests.At present,various studies have asessed the O_(3)impacts on trees;however,it is difcult to accurately evaluate the complex ecological effcts caused by muliple factors on the natural urban environment.In this paper,the interactions betveen O_(3)and carbon dioxide(CO_(2)),drought,nitrogen deposition,and warming,as well as the efects of the:physiology,biochemistry,and growth of urban trees in China were reviewed.Elevated CO_(2)could alleviate the.negative efects of elevated O_(3)on the photosynthetic metabolism,antioxidant system,and growth of trees.There is a complex interaction betveen O_(3)and drought,which may sylnergistically aggravate,alleviate,or have no effect on trees.However,there was no correlation between O_(3)and N depositin,only a significant interaction betveen elevated temperatures and O_(3),which slowed down the adverse effects of O_(3)on tree growth and photosynthesis.Finally,suggestions are put forward to manage and sustainable develop urban forests in China under future climate change and air pollution.