清代重庆药材市场的形成问题探析

The Formation Path of Medicine Market in Chongqing in Qing Dynasty

随着清代商品贸易的日渐兴盛,重庆逐渐发展成为长江上游地区最大的药材贸易中心。在特殊的“移民社会”环境中,重庆药材市场的形成缺乏内生性,而是以外部力量作为驱动。大体而言,清代重庆药材市场的形成,呈现出以自然资源为基础、地理位置优势为条件、外来人口为驱动、官方政策引导为保障的特点。然而,重庆药材市场的兴起除了传统自发性因素如物产、交通以及人口等方面的参与外,官方的引导和管理也显得十分重要。尤其是把药材市场的形成放在特定的区域社会讨论时,就不单单要关注于通常意义上的经济理性,还应当充分发掘区域社会自身的特点以及能动性等因素。

With the prosperity of commodity trade in Qing Dynasty,Chongqing gradually developed into the largest trade center of medicinal materials in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.In the special“immigrant society”environment,the formation of Chongqing herbal medicine market lacks endogeneity,but is driven by external forces.In the Qing Dynasty,medicine market of Chongqing was characterized by geographical location,market-oriented and policy driven.However,in addition to the participation of traditional spontaneous factors such as products,transportation and population,the official guidance and management are also very important.Especially when discussing the formation of the medicinal materials market in a specific regional society,we should not only focus on the economic rationality in the general sense,but also fully explore the characteristics of the regional society and initiative factors.