秦巴山区中段草本药用植物种间联结性与海拔的关系

Relationship Between Interspecific Association and Altitude of Herbaceous Medicinal Plants in the Middle Part of Qinba Mountainous Area

以秦巴山区中段常见的21种草本药用植物为研究对象,通过种间联结系数(AC)、结合Pearson相关系数以及χ统计,对具有显著正联结性的草本药用植物与海拔分布的关系进行分析。结果表明:1)研究区内的草本药用植物种间联结系数较低,物种分布具有一定的独立性,种间关系松散。2)贯众与井栏边草、龙芽草与金钱草、龙芽草与车前草、海金沙与紫菀、天名精与一年蓬、天名精与野菊、腹水草与石韦、腹水草与一年蓬、紫花地丁与车前草、紫花地丁与一年蓬、车前草与一年蓬、淫羊藿与黄精显著正联结;井栏边草与石韦呈显著负联结。3)呈显著正联结关系的物种对显著正联结时的相对海拔高度占此物种对垂直分布重叠时的相对海拔高度的比例各不相同,所处的位置也有所差异。呈显著联结关系的物种对在高海拔区域联结性降低,呈现无联结状态。4)2个物种对生境的相似性也可产生负联结关系。在对相同环境资源的竞争中,某一种群优势越强,负联结性就越显著。研究认为,将种间联结性与海拔分布相结合进行分析,可以比较客观地反映物种间的协作与竞争关系,对该区草本药用植物的生态化种植与保护具有一定参考价值。

Taking 21 kinds of herbal medicinal plants occurring in middle part of Qinba mountainous area as the research objects,based on the association coefficient(AC),Pearson index andχ-test,the relationships of the plants that demonstrated significant interspecific associations and altitudewere examined.The results showed that 1)the interspecific association coefficient of herbaceous medicinal plants in the study area was low,the species distribution had certain independent properties,the interspecific relationships between the species were loose.2)Significant positive interspecific associations were found between some pairs of the species,including Cyrtomium fortune&Pteris multifida,Agrimonia pilosa&Lysimachia christiniae,A.pilosa&Plantago asiatica,Lygodium japonicum&Aster tataricus,Carpesium abrotanoides&Erigeron annuus,C.abrotanoides&Chrysanthemum indicum,Veronicastrum stenostachyum&Pyrrosia lingua,V.stenostachyum&E.annuus,Viola philippica&P.asiatica,V.philippica&E.annuus,P.asiatica&E.annuus,and Epimedium brevicornu&Polygonatum sibiricum.Negative association was found between P.multifida&Pyrrosia lingua.3)For the species pairs with significant positive association,the ratios of the relative altitude of the species with significant positive association to the relative altitude of the species with overlapping vertical distribution were different,the locations were also different.The species pairs with significant association relationship decreased in high altitude area and showed no association relationship.4)The similarity of the habitats between the two species could also be negatively correlated.In the competition for the same environmental resources,the stronger the dominance of a population,the more significant the negative association.The results also showed that the analysis of interspecific association and altitude could objectively reflect the cooperation and competition among species,which had certain reference value for ecological planting and protection of herbaceous medicinal plants in the study area.