基于保护和利用视角下的松岭村乡土景观资源评价

Evaluation of Local Landscape Resources from the Perspective of Protection and Utilization in the Songling Village

乡土景观资源是乡村的文化载体,是本土文化与地域特色的融合体,乡土景观的保护和利用是发扬优秀乡土文化、“记住乡愁”的重要途径。从保护和利用视角出发,在总结前人研究的基础上,梳理乡土景观构成与类型,采用田野调研、层次分析(AHP)等研究方法,从项目层、因素层及指标层3个层次构建了乡土景观资源评价体系,对福建省龙海市松岭村进行乡土景观资源评价。结果表明:1)项目层总评分排序为物质空间(1.621)>自然生态(0.864)>社会文化(0.827),说明松岭村乡土景观中物质空间所占权重远高于其他项目层,具有一定优越性;2)从指标层来看,总评分最高为传统文化传承性,其余依次为生活景观参与性、山水景观奇特性、古树名木独特性、建筑年代久远性和生活设施丰富度,说明与乡村居民生活息息相关的指标在乡土景观资源评价中的重要性;3)针对现存问题,提出了乡土景观资源保护与利用对策,为松岭村的进一步发展提供理论指导,同时也为闽南地区乡土景观资源研究提供较为合理的研究依据。

Rural landscape resources are cultural carriers of the rural areas and also the integration of local culture and regional characteristics.The protection and utilization of rural landscape is an important way to carry forward the excellent local culture and“remember nostalgia”.Started from the perspective of conservation and utilization,and based on the summarization of the previous researches,this paper sorted out the composition and type of vernacular landscape with the methods of the field investigation and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Taking the Songling Village of Longhai City,Fujian Province as an example,an evaluation the local landscape resources was conducted.A landscape evaluation system was established from three levels,including the project,factor,and indicator.The results were as follows.1)The order of the total score of the project level was material space(1.621)>natural ecology(0.864)>social culture(0.827).2)From the indicator level,the total score of traditional cultural heritage was the highest,the rest were life landscape participation,landscape characteristics,the uniqueness of ancient trees,building age and rich living facilities,indicating that the importance of the indicators that were closely related to the villagers'life in the evaluation of the local landscape resources.3)In view of the problems existed,the paper put forward the countermeasures for the protection and utilization of local landscape resources,provided theoretical guidance for the further development of the Songling Village,and also provided a reasonable research basis for the study of local landscape resources in Southern Fujian.