我国典型锂矿床类型、分布特征及资源利用探讨

Discussion on the Types,Distribution Characteristics and Resource Utilization of Typical Lithium Deposits in China

锂金属作为全球高科技产业不可或缺的关键金属矿产资源之一,在军事、航空航天、芯片、合金、陶瓷、玻璃、农业、纺织、润滑脂、医药、焊接、空气处理和新能源等诸多领域发挥了显著作用,但至今还有60%左右的锂资源需要开发,仍需进一步加强勘探与开发及资源综合利用等诸多方面的研究。介绍了青藏高原北部的松潘-甘孜锂成矿带、西昆仑-阿尔金锂成矿带以及华南锂成矿带等典型锂矿床的大地构造背景;通过对比分析,把典型锂矿床概括为(花岗)伟晶岩型锂矿床和(沉积)盐湖型锂矿床两大类,并进行了探讨;论述了典型锂矿床的分布特征、岩性组合、地质意义及锂资源综合利用等。因此,该讨论内容对于锂资源的勘探与开发将具有更加重要的战略意义。

As one of the indispensable critical metals mineral resources in the global high-tech industry,lithium metal has played a significant role in many fields,such as military,aerospace,chips,alloys,ceramics,glass,agriculture,textiles,grease,medicine,welding,alloy,air treatment and new energy,etc.But up to now,about 60%of lithium resources needs to be explored and exploited,therefore,it need to further strengthen research on the exploration,exploiting,and the comprehensive utilization in many aspects of the lithium resources,etc.The geotecture background of typical lithium deposits such as Songpan-Ganzi lithium metallogenic belt in northern Qinghai-Tiber plateau,West Kunlun-Alkin lithium metallogenic belt,and South China lithium metallogenic belt are introduced,etc.Through comparative analysis,the typical lithium deposits are summarized as two categories:(granite)pegmatite lithium deposit and(sedimentation)salt lake lithium deposit,and discussed.The distribution characteristics,lithology combination,geological significance,and comprehensive utilization of lithium resources of typical lithium deposits are expounded.Therefore,this discussion will have more important strategic significance for the exploration and exploitation of lithium resources.