高比能锂离子电池的预锂化技术研究进展

Research Progress on Prelithiation of Lithium-ion Batteries with High Energy Density

由于电动车和电子设备等技术的快速发展,高能量密度锂离子电池的需求不断增加。作为提高电池能量密度的重要措施之一,高比容量负极材料的应用也受到越来越多的关注。然而,高比容量负极材料与传统石墨基材料相比具有较大的初始不可逆容量和较低的循环稳定性,严重影响了电池的能量密度和使用寿命。针对高容量负极的实际应用,迫切需要开发商业可用的预锂化技术来补偿其初始及循环过程中的不可逆容量损失。因此,从电池电极改进的角度系统地总结和分析了各种预锂化方法的优势和挑战,可为锂离子电池的预锂化技术开发和高比能量电池的性能优化提供重要的参考价值。

With the rapid development of electric vehicles and electronic devices,the demand for high-energy density lithium-ion batteries is ever-increasing.As one of the important strategies to improve battery energy density,the application of high specific capacity anode materials has also attracted much attention.However,compared with traditional graphite-based materials,high specific capacity anode materials have larger initial irreversible capacity and lower cycle stability,which seriously affects the energy density and cycle life of the battery.Therefore,for the practical application of high-capacity negative electrodes,it is urgent to develop commercially available prelithiation technology to compensate for the irreversible capacity loss during the initial and cycling process.This paper systematically reviews the advantages and challenges of various prelithiation methods from the perspective of battery electrode improvement.This review can provide important reference value for the development of pre-lithiation technology of lithium-ion batteries and the performance optimization of high specific energy batteries.