区块链视角下食品供应链多方演化博弈模型

Research on multi-party evolutionary game model of food supply chain under the application of blockchain

目的:探究区块链应用于食品供应链的影响因素及食品供应链各参与方的行为问题。方法:运用演化博弈方法,构建食品企业、政府和消费者的三方博弈模型,并建立复制动态方程;分析了不同初始值、接入成本、溢价系数、信息真实度等参数变化对于三方策略选择的影响。结果:系统的稳定状态与初始策略人群占比有关;区块链接入成本对食品企业的策略选择影响较大,过高的接入成本会抑制食品企业信息上链的积极性,不利于区块链技术在食品溯源体系的应用推广;因接入区块链导致的溢价会影响消费者购买的积极性;区块链技术的不可篡改性可以提高食品溯源信息的真实度,从而有利于三方主体向着理想状态演化。结论:为从根本上解决食品溯源信息的真实性问题,食品企业应在保证溯源信息真实性的前提下降低可追溯食品溢价程度的价格,政府应在控制可追溯食品的溢价的前提下提高消费者购买的积极性。

Objective:The influencing factors of blockchain application in food supply chain and the behavior problems of all participants in food supply chain are worth exploring.Methods:Using the evolutionary game method,the tripartite game model of food enterprises,government and consumers was constructed,and the replication dynamic equation was established;The effects of different initial values,access cost,premium coefficient and information authenticity on the choice of tripartite strategy were analyzed.Results:The steady state of the system was related to the proportion of the initial strategy population.The block link in cost had a great impact on the strategic choice of food enterprises.Too high access cost would inhibit the enthusiasm of food enterprises in information chain,which was not conducive to the application and promotion of block chain technology in food traceability system.The premium caused by accessing the blockchain would affect consumers'purchase enthusiasm.The none tamper ability of blockchain technology can improve the authenticity of food traceability information,which is conducive to the evolution of the three parties towards the ideal state.Conclusion:In order to fundamentally solve the authenticity of food traceability information,food enterprises should reduce the price of traceable food premium on the premise of ensuring the authenticity of traceability information,and the government should improve consumers'purchase enthusiasm on the premise of controlling the premium of traceable food.