Multivariable clinical-genetic model for predicting dyskinesia in early-onset Parkinson’s disease

Main text The levodopa-induced dyskinesias(LIDs)in Parkinson’disease(PD)patients during levodopa treatment can lead to significant disability.Accumulative evidence has suggested that the younger the age of onset,the more likely the development of LIDs[1].Till now,most of the studies on clinical or genetic risk factors for LIDs were cross-sectional[2],or included limited sample size[3],or mainly included late-onset PD patients[4].Here,we investigated the incidence of LIDs in the early stage of early-onset PD(EOPD),including the first 5 years of duration and the first 5 years of dopamine replacement therapy(DRT),and established and validated clinicalgenetic models for LID prediction.Detailed methods are provided in Supplementary File 1.