3种山茶科植物苗期光合特性的研究

Study on the Photosynthetic Characteristics of Three Camellia Plants at Seedling Stage

以杜鹃红山茶Camellia azalea、山茶C.japonica和金花茶C.petelotii3种山茶科植物苗木为试验对象,测定其叶片光合特性参数和叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明:3种山茶科植物光合特性参数差异显著,其中光合速率强弱表现为山茶(4.574μmol·m^(-2) s^(-1))>杜鹃红山茶(1.881μmol·m^(-2) s^(-1))>金花茶(0.855μmol·m^(-2) s^(-1)),蒸腾速率强弱表现为山茶(1.774 mmol·m^(-2) s^(-1))>杜鹃红山茶(0.608 mmol·m^(-2) s^(-1))>金花茶(0.339 mmol·m^(-2) s^(-1)),气孔导度强弱表现为山茶(0.060 mmol·m^(-2) s^(-1))>杜鹃红山茶(0.020 mmol·m^(-2) s^(-1))>金花茶(0.010 mmol·m^(-2) s^(-1)),光能利用率强弱表现为山茶(0.005μmol·mmol^(-1))>杜鹃红山茶(0.002μmol·mmol^(-1))>金花茶(0.001μmol·mmol^(-1))。3种山茶科植物叶绿素荧光参数差异显著,其中光下最大荧光产量强弱表现为杜鹃红山茶(1.825)>金花茶(1.611)>山茶(1.442),PS II实际光量子效率强弱表现为山茶(0.095)>金花茶(0.070)>杜鹃红山茶(0.067),表观电子传递速率强弱表现为山茶(7.551)>金花茶(5.697)>杜鹃红山茶(5.477)。总体上看,光合能力山茶>杜鹃红山茶>金花茶。

Three species of Camellia seedlings,Camellia azalea,C.japonica and C.petelotii were used as test objects to determine the leaf photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters.The results showed that the photosynthetic parameters of the three species of Camellia plants were significantly different,among which the photosynthetic rate was as follows:C.japonica(4.574μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1))>C.azalea(1.881μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1))>C.petelotii(0.855μmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)).The transpiration rate is as follows:C.japonica(1.774 mmol·m^(-2)s^(-1))>C.azalea(0.608 mmol·m^(-2)s^(-1))>C.petelotii(0.339 mmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)).The strength of the stomatal conductance is C.japonica(0.060 mmol·m^(-2)s^(-1))>C.azalea(0.020 mmol·m^(-2)s^(-1))>C.petelotii(0.010 mmol·m^(-2)s^(-1)).The light energy utilization rate performance is represented by C.japonica(0.005μmol·mmol^(-1))>C.azalea (0.002μmol · mmol^(-1)) > C. petelotii (0.001 μmol · mmol^(-1)). The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the three species of Camellia plants have significant differences. Among them, the maximum fluorescence yield under light is as follows: C. azalea (1.825) > C. petelotii (1.611) > C. japonica (1.442), and the actual light quantum efficiency of PS II is represented by C. japonica(0.095) > C. petelotii (0.070) > C. azalea (0.067), the apparent electron transfer rate is C. japonica (7.551) > C. petelotii (5.697) > C. azalea (5.477). In general, photosynthetic capacity C. japonica > C. azalea > C. petelotii.