战争与性别视域下的妇女组织——以抗战时期重庆妇女慰劳会为中心的考察

Women's Organizations in the Context of War and Gender Research Around Chongqing Women's Consolation Association During the Anti-Japanese War

在抗日战争中地无分南北、人无分老幼,人人皆有抗战守土之责。中国各阶层女性主动团结起来,各地妇女救亡组织也应运而生。根深蒂固的传统性别制度让女性与政治的关系即便在战时仍若即若离,中国妇女组织在战争、政党、性别等多重元素交织的夹缝中求生存。作为国统区较具代表性的妇女组织——重庆妇女慰劳会,积极发动在渝女性投身民族救亡的洪流,凝聚抗战力量,为民族解放作出重要贡献,但亦未逃离性别与传统的束缚。

During the anti-Japanese war,there was no division between the north and the south,no division between the old and the young.And everyone had the responsibility of defending the land.Chinese women from all walks of life took the initiative to unite,and women's salvation organizations came into being.The deep-rooted traditional gender system makes the relationship between women and politics remain inseparable even in the wartime.Chinese women's organizations had to survive in the interwoven crevice of war,political parties,gender and other multiple elements.Chongqing Women's Consolation Association,as a representative women's organization in the Kuomintang controlled area,actively mobilized Chongqing women to join the flood of national salvation,gathered the strength of anti-Japanese war,and made important contributions to national liberation,but did not escape the shackles of gender and tradition.