已婚女性劳动参与、家庭地位与消费行为

Married Women’s Labor Force Participation,Family Status and Consumption Behavior

自20世纪90年代以来,中国已婚女性的劳动参与率和居民家庭消费率双双下降,考察这两者之间的关系及作用机理,并运用2017年CHFS数据进行实证检验。结果表明:已婚女性劳动参与通过家庭地位和家庭收入来影响居民消费行为;已婚女性的劳动参与可以降低恩格尔系数和促进消费升级;已婚女性劳动参与对独生子女家庭和中等收入家庭的消费行为影响显著;已婚女性劳动参与对家庭教育消费支出有显著正向影响,但对家庭教育外消费的回归系数为负,说明一般家庭的教育消费挤出了教育外消费。并根据研究结论,提出了强化政策引导,关注中等收入家庭女性就业,促进家务劳动社会化,大力发展义务教育等政策建议。

Since the 1990s,the labor force participation rate and household consumption rate of married women in China have both declined.This paper investigates the relationship and mechanism between the two factors and uses the 2017 CHFS data to conduct an empirical test.The results show that married women labor force participation affects residents’consumption behavior through family status and income.Married women’s labor force participation can reduce Engel’s coefficient and promote consumption upgrading.The effect of married women’s labor force participation on family consumption behavior is particularly significant in single-child families and middle-income families.Married women’s labor force participation has a significant positive impact on family education consumption,but the regression coefficient of non-education consumption is negative,which indicates that the education consumption of ordinary families is crowding out the non-education consumption.Based on the conclusion of the study,some policy suggestions are put forward,such as strengthening policy guidance,paying attention to the employment of women from middle-income families,promoting the socialization of housework,and vigorously developing compulsory education.