新全球化背景下金融犯罪的典型领域及刑法应对——以法秩序统一性为视角

Typical Areas of Financial Crime under the Background of New Globalizationand Criminal Law Regulation——From the perspective of the unity of legal order

传统的全球化是在政治利益、经济利益和人类利益博弈平衡的基础上构建起来,然而近年来某些国家和国际组织将政治利益凌驾于经济利益和人类利益之上,导致保护主义、单边主义的逆全球化趋势,进而形成停滞与发展双向循环的新全球化状态,加剧金融犯罪的产生:一方面,由于国际层面单边主义强监管的刑事政策在实质上导致金融犯罪界定的不稳定性;另一方面,由于国内避险资金内循环渠道的多样化在形式上导致金融犯罪形态的不确定性。以上二者对冲作用之下,金融犯罪在成因上可类型化为外源型风险、内生型风险与混合型风险。金融风险进一步带来法秩序挑战:刑法体系外部国际刑事政策的冲击、刑法体系内部预防刑设置的博弈以及刑法与其他法域之间的冲突。解决以上问题的关键还应回归法秩序统一性的应对模式,即宏观上妥当处理金融犯罪国际刑事政策的国内法化;微观上加强完善法域关系协调下的金融犯罪行政刑法构建。

Traditional globalization is constructed on the basis of the game balance between political interests,economic interests and human interests.However,in recent years,some countries and international organizations have placed political interests above economic interests and human interests,thus leading to the anti-globalization trend of protectionism and unilateralism,which in turn has caused the formation of a new globalization with a two-way cycle of stagnation and development,exacerbating the occurrence of financial crime—On the one hand,the international criminal policy of unilateralism and strong supervision leads to the instability of the definition of financial crime,and on the other,the diversification of internal circulation channels of domestic hedge funds leads to the uncertainty of financial crime forms.Under the hedging function of the above two aspects,financial crimes can be classified into exogenous risks,endogenous risks and mixed risks in terms of causes.Financial risks further bring challenges to the legal order:the impact of international criminal policies outside the criminal law system,the game-playing of preventive settings within the criminal law system,and the conflict between criminal law and other law systems.The key to solving the above problems should also return to the coping mode of the unity of legal order,that is,proper handling of the domestic legalization of the international criminal policy of financial crimes at the macro level,and strengthening and perfecting the construction of the financial crime administrative criminal law under the coordination of legal relations at the micro level.