面向非遗文本的知识组织模式及人文图谱构建研究

Research on Intangible Cultural Heritage Text-Oriented Knowledge Organization Model and Humanistic Atlas Construction

[目的/意义]目前,非物质文化遗产领域内细粒度的人文性知识(情感、观念、思维、风格等)广泛散布在多源异构的非结构化文本中,尚未得到有效组织,如何设计一套由大规模非遗文本向人文性知识自动转化的模式,对于人文知识图谱的构建及其应用具有重要指导作用。[方法/过程]本文面向非遗非结构化文本探索领域知识组织模式,重点结合知识图谱在文本语义关联解析与数据语义链接层面的技术特质,一方面引入自然语言处理技术对非遗文本内人文性知识进行语义关联解析,另一方面在语义融合的基础上推动数据的语义链接与知识服务。随后,以联合国非遗名录中的"古琴艺术"为案例进行实现路径分析,包括:元数据特征解析与人文本体语义建模、"冷启动"下融入汉字语言特征的文本语义关联解析、语义融合下多源知识的语义链接、基于语义知识图谱的非遗人文知识服务。[结果/结论]本文提出了非遗非结构化文本到结构化知识至开放共享知识库的一整套知识组织模式与自动化实现路径,语义技术的有效利用细化了领域知识的粒度,知识的语义描述与链接提升了数据关联的范畴,进而为更深层次的非遗人文知识服务打下基础。

[Purpose/significance]At present,the fine-grained humanistic knowledge(emotions,concepts,thinking,styles,etc.)in the field of intangible cultural heritage is widely scattered in unstructured texts of multiple sources,and has not been effectively organized.How to design a model for automatic transformation from large-scale intangible heritage texts to humanistic knowledge is an important guide for the construction of humanistic knowledge graphand its application.[Method/process]In this paper,we explore the domain knowledge organization model for unstructured ICH texts,focusing on the technical characteristics of knowledge graphs in semantic association parsing of texts and semantic data linking,introducing natural language processing techniques for semantic association parsing of humanistic knowledge in ICH texts,and promoting semantic data linking and knowledge services based on semantic fusion.A technical path is demonstrated by taking"Guqin Art"in the ICH list of the United Nations as an example,including:metadata feature analysis and humanistic ontology modeling,semantic association parsing of text incorporating linguistic features of Chinese characters under"cold start",multi-source knowledge link under semantic fusion,and deduction and knowledge discovery basing knowledge ontology.[Result/conclusion]We aim at constructing a complete set of knowledge organization model and automated realization path from unstructured text to structured knowledge and open shared knowledge base.The effective use of semantic technology refines the granularity of domain knowledge,and the semantic description and association of knowledge enhance the scope of data linking,thus laying the foundation for deeper ICH humanistic knowledge services.