“三权分置”中土地经营权流转制度问题研究

Research on the Issues of Land Management Rights Circulation System in “Separation of Three Rights”

《民法典》放开了土地经营权流转,要求健全土地权利流转制度。我国土地经营权法律性质存在争议。为发挥土地“三权分置”政策的优越性,应明确土地经营权流转期限五年以下为债权、五年及以上为用益物权的法律性质。土地经营权流转存在流转内容不合理、流转程序不规范、流转平台和市场交易规则不健全等问题。提出优化土地经营权流转内容、规范土地经营权流转合同以及登记制度、建立土地经营权流转国家统一平台和交易规则等建议。

The“Civil Code”liberalized the transfer of land management rights and required a sound system for the transfer of land rights.The legal nature of land management right in China is controversial.In order to give full play to the advantages of the policy of“Separation of Three Rights”of land,it should be clear that the land management right is creditor's rights if the transfer period is less than five years,and it is the legal nature of usufructuary right of the transfer period is five years or more.There are some problems in the transfer of land management right,such as unreasonable transfer content,non-standard transfer procedures,imperfect transfer platform and market transaction rules.Suggestions were put forward on optimizing the content of land management right transfer,standardizing the contract and registration system of land management right transfer,and establishing a national unified platform and transaction rules for land management right transfer.