植物微核技术监测土壤农药污染研究

Study on monitoring soil pesticide pollution by plant micronucleus technology

我国作为一个农业大国,土壤农药污染形势严峻,土壤污染的监测显得十分重要.使用不同浓度农药啶虫脒染毒土壤,通过运用蚕豆根尖微核技术,切片观测种于土壤中蚕豆染毒18、24、48、72 h微核变化.结果表明,18~48 h蚕豆根尖长势良好,蚕豆染毒达到72 h时,蚕豆根尖出现萎蔫的情况.通过在同一浓度和时间培养蚕豆根尖采用根尖与靠近根尖部位制片,MCN‰产生基本相同.蚕豆经啶虫脒同一浓度土壤染毒18、24、48、72 h后,MCN‰随染毒时间的增长而增大.在同一染毒时间下经不同浓度的土壤染毒,MCN‰随浓度的升高而增大,且MCN‰均有明显的升高.说明啶虫脒对蚕豆根尖细胞具有较强的诱变效应,蚕豆微核效应可进一步为监测土壤农药污染状况提供依据.

As an agricultural country,the pesticide pollution situation of soil seriously,the detection of soil pollution is very important,and plant micronucleus technology can directly reflect the impact of pollutants on biological genetic material,chemical monitoring and physical monitoring can not achieve the effect.In this paper,different concentrations of acetamiprid were used to dye the soil,and the micronucleus test of Vicia faba root tips was used to observe the micronucleus changes of 18,24,48 and 72 h in Vicia faba root tips.The results showed that the root tip of 18h to 48 h was good,and the root tip of Vicia faba wilted when Vicia faba reached 72 h.By cultivating Vicia faba root tips in the same concentration and time,MCN‰produced basically the same.After acetamiprid in the same concentration of acetamiprid 18,24,48 and 72 h,MCN‰ increased with the increase of exposure time.Under the same exposure time,the soil contaminated with different concentrations of MCN‰ increased with the increase of the concentration,and the MCN‰ increased significantly.It showed that acetamiprid had a strong mutagenic effect on Vicia faba root tip cells,and the numerical value of micronucleus in micronucleus of Vicia faba could provide basis for monitoring soil pesticide pollution.