某三甲医院2013年—2019年536例药品不良反应分析

Analysis of 536 cases of ADR in a tertiary hospital from 2013 to 2019

目的了解某三甲医院药品不良反应(ADR)的发生情况、特点及规律,为临床合理用药提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性研究方法,对医院2013-01-01—2019-12-31上报的536例ADR报告,从患者性别、年龄、药品名称、剂型、类别、给药途径、主要临床表现、ADR出现时间及持续时间、ADR分级与转归等方面进行统计分析。结果2019年发生ADR最多(161例,30.0%);536例ADR报告中,男性(58.8%)比例大于女性(41.2%);≤18岁年龄段患者较多(151例,28.2%);不同给药途径中静脉滴注ADR发生率最高(341例,63.6%);不同药物剂型中注射液最易发生ADR(220例,41.0%);不同药品种类中抗菌药物发生的ADR最多(186例,34.7%);ADR临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害最多(165例次,27.7%);用药后>10~30 min出现ADR最多(153例,28.6%);严重的ADR共9例,无死亡病例。结论ADR的发生与患者性别、年龄、给药途径、药品种类、剂型等多种因素相关。

Objective To investigate the occurrence,characteristics and regularity of adverse drug reactions(ADR)in hospital,and to provide reference for rational drug use in clinic.Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 536 cases of ADR reported in our hospital from 2013-01-01 to 2019-12-31,and statistical analysis was conducted from gender,age,drug name,dosage form,category,route of administration,main clinical manifesta-tions,occurrence time and duration of ADR,ADR classification and outcome,etc.Results The most ADR occurred in our hospital in 2019(161 cases,30.0%).Among 536 ADR cases,the proportion of male(58.8%)was higher than that of female(41.2%).There were more patients in≤18 years old(151 cases,28.2%).The incidence of ADR by intravenous drip was the highest(341 cases,63.6%).Injection was prone to ADR(220 cases,41.0%).Most ADR occurred in antibacterial drugs(186 cases,34.7%).The most common clinical manifestations of ADR were skin and accessory lesions(165 cases,27.7%).Most ADR(153 cases,28.6%)occurred>10-30min after administration;There were 9 cases of severe ADR and no death.Conclusion The occurrence of ADR is related to many factors such as gender,age,route of administration,drug type and dosage form of patients.