新时代教育评价改革背景下学校发展性督导评价的实践价值:问责与改进

Practical Value of School Developmental Supervisory Evaluation under the Background of Educational Evaluation Reform in the New Era:Accountability and Improvement

《深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案》明确提出“三不得一严禁”要求,学校发展性督导评价管办问责与质量改进的实践价值更加凸显,具体体现在:对地方党委和政府进行履行教育职责及落实政策之治理能力的督政问责,对中小学校进行规范化办学及教育教学质量监测的督学问责,保障与助力每一所学校的内涵发展,促进中小学校循证决策文化建设。为进一步实现学校发展性督导评价的实践价值,激发教育督导机构以及中小学校等多方主体深度参与,需要强化各级特别是区县教育督导机构督政督学的双重职能。在督政方面,建议在关注办学条件等基础性要素的同时,将重心转向对地方党委和政府治理体系与治理能力现代化水平的督政问责上;在督学方面,建议持续改进督导评价的方式方法,强化专业支持与服务。学校发展性督导评价的有效实践还需大幅削减其他涉及中小学校和教师的督查检查评比考核事项,强化学校自我评价的意义和价值;进一步聚焦学生的学习成果,对“学生到底学会了什么,到底能做什么”进行督导与评价。

The General Plan of Deepening the Reform of Educational Evaluation in New Era clearly puts forward the negative list of“three can’t do and one prohibition”,which makes the practical value of accountability and improvement of school developmental supervisory evaluation program more prominent,which is embodied in:supervising the local party committees and governments in fulfilling their educational duties and implementing policies,supervising the schools in standardization and monitoring the quality of education and teaching,ensuring and assisting the connotation development of every school and promoting the construction of evidence-based decision-making culture.In order to further realize the practical value,and to stimulate the educational supervision institutions,primary and secondary schools and other subjects to participate in,it is necessary to implement the dual functions of supervision and administration of educational supervision institutions at all levels.It is suggested that while paying attention to basic elements such as external hardware conditions,the focus should be shifted to the modernization level of local governments’governance systems and governance capabilities.It is suggested to continuously improve the methods of supervision and evaluation and strengthen professional evaluation support and services.The effective practice of school developmental supervisory evaluation needs to greatly reduce the other supervisions,inspection and appraisal programs involving primary and secondary schools and teachers,and needs to strengthen the significance and value of school self-evaluation.In addition,we should further focus on students’learning achievements and assess“what students have learned and what they can do”.