实验教学会影响小学生科学学业成绩吗?--基于国家义务教育质量监测数据的分析

Do Laboratory Activities Affect Students’Academic Performance in Science?Based on Data Analysis on the National Compulsory Education Quality Assessment

实验教学一直是科学教育的基本教学法。在我国科学教育实践中,实验教学往往被束之高阁。基于国家义务教育质量监测2017年四年级科学学科数据,通过多元线性回归和卡方检验,证明实验教学不仅不会耽误考试成绩,而且能够促进学生科学素养整体性发展。实验教学对学生的科学知识理解、科学探究能力和科学学习兴趣都起到促进作用。学生科学学业成绩优秀的学校,实验教学开展较好,实验室和实验员配备更到位,科学教师更注重发展学生科学情感态度与实验技能等。由此建议一线教师落实实验教学、优化教学设计,学校根据实际情况改进实验教学的软硬件条件。

Laboratory activities have always been the basic pedagogy of science education. However, it is often shelved in the daily practices of science education in China. This study conducted multiple linear regression and chi square test to analyze the national compulsory education quality assessment outcomes of 2017 grade 4 science. The findings of this study prove that the laboratory activities do not reduce students’ exam scores, but improve the overall development of students’ scientific literacy. Specifically, laboratory activities promote students’ scientific knowledge understanding, scientific inquiry and science learning interest. Schools with students’ excellent academic performance in science do better job in laboratory activities. These schools are also equipped with better facility and laboratory assistant. Science teachers in these schools pay more attention to the development of students’ scientific attitudes and experimental skills, etc.