论岳麓书院学规中的立志教育思想

On the Educational Thought of Making Determination in the School Regulations of Yuelu Academy

岳麓书院学规中的立志教育思想上承孔孟,续接朱张,提出学子立志当立成圣成贤的大志,并在大志的引导下通过“主静”和“持敬”实现“变化气质”,达到修身与“立国爱民”相统一的目的,以此来消除钓声名、取利禄之流弊。同时,其立志教育思想又有自身的特点:重视词章与道学不二,为学与经世不二,肯定志的现实性和层次性,鼓励学子结合自身实际确立自己的具体志向。

The educational thought of making determination in the school regulations of Yuelu academy,which inherits from Confucius and Mencius and then succeeds Zhuxi and Zhangzai,proposes that a scholar should have the ideal of becoming a person like a sage,and under the guidance of the ideal he may realize“changed disposition”through“being calm”and“keeping respectful”.Thus,he will achieve the aim of unifying the cultivation of his own morality with“founding the country and loving the people”,and with this,opposes the corrupt practices of seeking the reputation and interests.At the same time,the educational thought of making determination in Yuelu academy has its own characteristics:the unification of poetry and Taoism,the unification of learning and worldly affairs,affirmation of the realistic and hierarchical nature of ambition,and encouraging the students to establish their own specific ideal in combination with their own situation.