过氧化物酶体增值物激活受体α在代谢性疾病中的研究进展

Research progress of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorαin metabolic diseases

过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体α(PPAR-α)是配体受体激活的转录因子,是核受体超家族的一个亚家族。PPAR亚家族由PPAR-α(NR1C1)、PPAR-β/δ(NR1C2)和PPAR-γ(NR1C3)三种亚型组成。其中PPAR-α为最先被发现的转录因子,是脂肪酸氧化稳态的主要调节器,一些天然和合成的配体可以激活PPAR-α,通过其配体激活PPAR-α可以修饰细胞中的多个生物过程,这些过程与代谢性疾病的能量代谢机制密切相关,因此它代表了开发治疗代谢性疾病的新药的重要分子靶标。以下从PPAR-α的结构与分布、在不同组织中的作用、在代谢型疾病中的作用等方面综述PPAR-α与能量代谢的最新进展,为代谢型疾病的防治提供一定的理论依据。

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorα(PPAR-α)is a transcription factor activated by ligand receptors and is a subfamily of the nuclear receptor superfamily.The PPAR subfamily consists of three subtypes:PPAR-α(NR1C1),PPAR-β/δ(NR1C2)and PPAR-γ(NR1C3).Among them,PPAR-αis the first discovered transcription factor and the main regulator of fatty acid oxidation homeostasis.Some natural and synthetic ligands can activate PPAR-α,and the activation of PPAR-αthrough its ligands can modify many of biological processes in the cell.These processes are closely related to the energy metabo-lism mechanism of metabolic diseases,so it represents an important molecular target for the development of new drugs for the treatment of metabolic diseases.The study summarizes the latest progress of PPAR-αand energy metabolism in terms of the structure and distribution of PPAR-α,its role in different tissues,and its role in metabolic diseases,etc.,providing a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.