论人工智能算法的知识产权保护

On the Intellectual Property Protection of Artificial Intelligence Algorithms

人工智能算法具备高度的技术价值和保密属性,将其纳入知识产权客体范畴,可以促进相关知识信息的开放与传播,有助于促进我国相关技术进步与产业发展。我国现行《专利审查指南》将涉及人工智能等技术前沿领域的"算法特征"纳入专利保护范畴,但缺乏对人工智能算法技术和法律描述,也未明确规定相关对象的可专利性规则。对此,应从技术角度将人工智能算法进一步细分为底层通用算法和上层应用算法,并根据二者不同的技术属性,分别设计知识产权保护方法。对专注于解决“如何模拟智能”这一技术问题的通用算法,应利用专利制度促进相关技术研发和信息交流。应用算法在"如何使用智能"方面的创新性较强但技术性较弱,可以综合运用包括专利、著作权、商业秘密在内的多样化制度工具对其进行保护,同时应注意保护的方式与尺度,避免过度保护。

Artificial intelligence algorithm has high technical value and confidentiality attribute.Bringing it into the scope of intellectual property system can promote the opening and dissemination of relevant knowledge information and contribute to China's relevant technological progress and industrial development.China's current patent examination guide includes"algorithm features"involving artificial intelligence and other fields into the scope of patent protection,but it lacks the technical and legal description of artificial intelligence algorithms,and does not clearly specify the patentability judgment rules of relevant objects.In this regard,the artificial intelligence algorithm should be further subdivided into the bottom general algorithm and the upper application algorithm from the technical point of view,and the intellectual property protection methods should be designed respectively according to their different technical attributes:for the general algorithm focusing on solving the technical problem of"how to simulate intelligence",the patent system should be used to promote relevant technology research and development and information exchange;the application algorithm has strong innovation in"how to use intelligence",but weak technology.It can be protected by comprehensive use of diversified institutional tools including patent,copyright and trade secret.At the same time,we should also pay attention to the ways and scales of protection to avoid falling into the misunderstanding of excessive protection on thinking activities.