蛋白质N-糖基化的生物学功能、分析方法及其在肾脏疾病中作用的研究进展

Research advances of protein N-glycosylation’s biological functions and analytical methods and its role in kidney disease

糖基化是蛋白质翻译后最主要的修饰之一,对蛋白质发挥功能十分重要。作为一种常见的糖基化类型,N-糖基化是多种糖蛋白发挥生物学作用的重要一环,一旦出现异常则可能引发遗传性疾病、免疫功能失调等多器官系统疾病。随着质谱技术的发展,N-糖基化检测在对多种疾病的发病机制、诊断、治疗及预后的探索中已展示出广阔的科研前景和巨大的临床价值。本文旨在总结蛋白质N-糖基化的过程、生物学作用和基于质谱的检测分析方法,并重点介绍N-糖基化在维持肾脏生理功能和在IgA肾病、糖尿病肾病等肾脏疾病相关研究中的最新进展。

As one of the most important post-translational modifications,glycosylation plays a significant role in the functions of proteins.N-glycosylation exerts critical effects in different biological processes among various forms of glycosylation,whereas aberrant glycosylation leads to multiple organ system dysfunction,such as congenital disorders of glycosylation or immune disease.Advanced mass spectrometry has been widely applied for uncovering the role of N-glycosylation in clinical practices and scientific researches.This reviews summarized synthetic processes,biological roles and mass-spectrometry-based analytical methods of N-glycosylation and focused upon the latest findings of N-glycosylation in renal physiology and nephropathy.