鼻咽癌放疗致颈动脉损伤的研究进展

Research Progress of Carotid Artery Injury Caused by Radiotherapy for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

颈部放疗是防治鼻咽癌颈部淋巴结转移的重要手段,但放射线可直接或间接损伤血管,加速动脉粥样硬化进程,进而导致颈动脉狭窄,增加放疗后短暂性脑缺血和脑卒中发生的风险。目前多采用彩色多普勒超声检测颈动脉的变化情况,并通过积极预防及减少危险因素来降低颈动脉狭窄的发生率。颈动脉狭窄可采用药物早期干预及手术治疗。本文就放疗致颈动脉损伤的研究现状进行综述。

Neck radiotherapy is an important means to prevent and treat cervical lymph node metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Studies have found that radiation can directly or indirectly damage blood vessels,accelerate the process of atherosclerosis,and then cause carotid artery stenosis,increasing the risk of transient cerebral ischemia and stroke after radiotherapy.At present,we often apply color doppler ultrasound to detect the changes of carotid artery and actively prevent and reduce risk factors to decrease the occurrence of carotid artery stenosis.Carotid artery stenosis can be treated with early drug intervention and surgery.This article reviews the current research status of carotid artery injury caused by radiotherapy.