陕西省公共场所空气中苯污染状况及其健康风险评估

Current Status and Health Risk Assessment of Benzene Pollution in Air of Public Places in Shaanxi Province,China

目的了解陕西省公共场所室内空气中苯污染状况及其对从业人员致癌风险。方法于2018年对陕西省4个地市3类公共场所内54家宾馆酒店、27家理发店和25家美容店共106家公共场所的苯进行监测,采用健康风险评价方法对公共场所空气中苯对从业人员的致癌风险进行评价。结果各类场所的苯浓度均未超标,3类场所室内空气中苯的平均浓度总体有差异(F=24.25,P<0.01),理发店和美容店的苯浓度明显高于宾馆(酒店),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。室内空气中苯对不同场所从业人员均存在致癌风险,理发店和美容店的致癌风险高于宾馆(酒店)。结论陕西省4个地市3类公共场所室内空气中苯对从业人员存在致癌风险,提示要加强监督管理,降低公共场所内苯浓度,保障从业人群健康。

Objective To investigate the current status of benzene pollution in the indoor air of public places in Shaanxi province,China,and its carcinogenic risk to employees.Methods In 2018,benzene monitoring was performed for 54 hotels,27 barbershops,and 25 beauty shops,with 106 public places in total.The health risk assessment method was used to evaluate the carcinogenic risk of benzene in the air of the public places to employees.Results The concentration of benzene did not exceed the national standard limit in these places,and there was a significant difference in the mean concentration of benzene in indoor air among the three types of public places(F=24.25,P<0.01);the concentration of benzene in barbershops and beauty shops was significantly higher than that in hotels(P<0.05).Benzene in indoor air had a carcinogenic risk to both male and female employees in all three types of public places;the carcinogenic risk in barbershops and beauty shops was higher than that in hotels,and the carcinogenic risk to men was higher than that to women.Conclusion Benzene in indoor air has a carcinogenic risk to employees in the three types of public places in the four cities of Shaanxi province,suggesting that supervision and management should be strengthened to reduce the concentration of benzene in public places and ensure the health of employees.