燃料电池汽车混合式能量管理策略分析

Analysis of hybrid energy management strategy for fuel cell vehicle

发展燃料电池汽车是解决传统燃油汽车导致的环境污染和能源危机问题的重要手段之一。能量管理策略是燃料电池汽车的重要技术核心。目前燃料电池汽车主要采用单一规则型能量管理策略,而该策略在不同动力电池初始荷电状态(State of Charge,SOC)下难以使车辆达到最佳的经济性。提出了一种混合式燃料电池汽车能量管理策略,将功率跟随与模糊控制两种规则型能量管理策略相混合,并根据动力电池初始SOC进行能量管理策略的选择。通过Matlab/Simulink建立燃料电池混合动力系统以及整车动力学模型,基于该模型对混合式控制策略与有限状态机能量管理策略下燃料电池汽车的性能进行了对比分析。仿真结果表明:相比有限状态机能量管理策略,在低、中、高三种动力电池初始SOC下,混合式控制策略使燃料电池汽车经济性分别提高6%、19.9%以及27%。

The development of the fuel cell vehicle is one of the important ways to solve the problems of environmental pollution and energy crisis caused by the traditional fuel vehicle.Energy management strategy is an important technical core of the fuel cell vehicle.At present,the single rule energy management strategy was mainly employed in the fuel cell vehicle,which cannot achieve the best vehicle economy under different initial state of charge(SOC)of the power battery.In the paper,a hybrid energy management strategy for the fuel cell vehicle was proposed.In the strategy,two regular energy management strategies,power following and fuzzy control,are combined,and the energy management strategy is selected by the initial SOC of the power battery.The fuel cell hybrid power system and vehicle dynamics model are established by Matlab/Simulink.Based on the model,the performance of the fuel cell vehicle with hybrid energy management strategy and finite state machine energy management strategies is compared and analyzed.The simulation results show that,compared with the finite state machine energy management strategy,under low,medium and high initial SOC of power cells,6%,19.9%and 27%improvement of the fuel cell vehicle economy can be obtained by the hybrid control strategy,respectively.