北宋士大夫水灾害应对刍议

A Study on the Response to Water Disasters of the Northern Song Dynasty Scholars

北宋时期,士大夫官僚政治逐渐确立,涌现出范仲淹、欧阳修、苏轼等一批兼擅文章、经术与吏干的综合型官僚,以苏轼为个案考察其水灾应对中表现出的实务能力、悲悯情怀和理性精神,以资当今社会借鉴。作为地方官员,苏轼无论知密州、徐州、杭州,还是谪守黄州、惠州、儋州,他每到一地,总是忙于治水、抗旱,灾害救助是其义不容辞的使命和责任。面对灾情,苏轼一心为民,敢立天下之大节,为国计民生积极奔走;同时,又拥有广博的知识和高度的理性精神,懂实务、重实践。苏轼在应对灾情时所表现出的士人风骨和实务能力历来为人津津乐道,其家国一体的人格境界更成为后世文人争相效仿的理想人格。

The system of scholar bureaucrats was mature in Song Dynasty.There were many comprehensive talents like Ouyang Xiu,Wang Anshi and Su Shi.Su Shi was a local official and disaster relief was his responsibility.He was always busy with flood and drought fighting when he worked in Mizhou,Xuzhou and Hangzhou.He put the interests of the people above self-interest and had rich knowledge.People give high praise of moral characters and practice competence.Su Shi set a good example for Chinese literati personality.