认知语言学视域下汉语老挝语人体词“头/■”的一词多义对比

Polysemous Comparison of Body Word Head in Chinese and Lao from Perspective of Cognitive Linguistics

汉语“头”和老挝语“■”都由表示动物和人的头部这一基本义出发,经过语义的引申演变,形成了一词多义。文章利用认知语言学转喻和隐喻的理论,对汉语和老挝语“头/■”语义引申过程和路径进行了对比。研究结果表明,汉语“头”和老挝语“■”衍生出的隐喻和转喻表达具有较大的重合性也有一定的差异性,这是受汉老两族人民认知的相通性与语言文化的差异性共同影响的结果。

Both the Chinese and the Lao word HEAD start from the basic meaning of the head of animals and humans.After the extension of semantics,both the Chinese and the Lao word have formed multiple meanings.The article uses the theories of metonymy and metaphor in cognitive linguistics to compare the process and path of semantic extension of the word HEAD in Chinese and Lao.The research results show that the metaphors and metonymy expressions derived from the Chinese and the Lao words HEAD have a large overlap and a certain difference.This is the recognition of the similarity and language and culture of the Chinese and Lao peoples.The differences affect the results together.