结肠癌肝脏转移前微环境形成机制及作用的研究进展

Research progress on the formation mechanism and role of microenvironment before liver metastasis of colon cancer

结肠癌肝转移是临床治疗难题,研究发现,肿瘤细胞转移至肝脏前,通过释放相关细胞因子在肝脏内部形成转移前微环境,从而利于循环肿瘤细胞在肝脏定植。转移前微环境的形成主要与结肠原发癌、肝脏局部微环境以及机体免疫状况相关,其中涉及多种机制,包括肿瘤分泌外泌体、细胞因子、肿瘤上皮间质转化、肝脏细胞外基质重塑等。研究结肠癌肝转移前微环境形成机制,将有助于结肠癌肝转移的早诊早治以及降低肝转移发生、改善患者预后。本文就结肠癌肝转移前微环境的形成及相关机制进行综述。

Liver metastasis of colon cancer is a common clinical treatment problem.Studies have found that before tumor cells metastasize to the liver,they will form a pre-metastatic niche(PMN)in the liver by releasing related cytokines,which is more conducive for the circulating tumor cells to colonize.The formation of PMN is mainly related to primary colon cancer,local liver microenvironment and immune status,which involves a variety of mechanisms,including exosomes secreted by tumor,tumor-derived soluble cytokines(TDSFs),tumor epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT),liver extracellular matrix remodeling and so on.The study on the formation mechanism of PMN of colon cancer liver metastasis will contribute to early diagnosis and early treatment of colon cancer liver metastasis,so as to reduce the occurrence of liver metastasis and improve the prognosis of patients.This paper reviews the formation and related mechanisms of pre-metastatic niche of colon cancer liver metastasis.