面向小农户的农业生产性服务演进脉络及供需复衡路径

Evolution Logic and Supply-demand Rebalance Path of Agricultural Productive Services for Small Farmers

随着我国农业农村发展进入新的历史阶段,面向小农户发展农业生产性服务业成为重要的时代命题。我国农业生产性服务经历了公益性服务、公益性服务与社会化服务并重、社会化服务为主三个演进阶段。当前,我国农业生产性服务业存在着供需失衡问题,主要原因在于农户分化增加服务需求复杂性、农业业态多样化提高服务供给难度、服务主体多元化增加协调难度、公益性与经营性动态博弈增加不确定性预期等。为此,需要从强化服务体系顶层设计、发挥互联网整合作用、推动服务方式创新、探索政府购买公益性服务方式、促进服务主体融合发展等方面促进面向小农户的农业生产性服务供需复衡。

As China′s agricultural and rural development has entered a new historical stage,the development of agricultural productive services for small farmers has become an important proposition of the times.China′s agricultural productive services have experienced three evolution stages:public welfare services,equal emphasis on public welfare services and socialized services,and socialized services.At present,there is an imbalance between supply and demand in China′s agricultural productive services.The main reasons are as follows:the differentiation of farmers increases the complexity of service demand,the diversification of agricultural industry increases the difficulty of service supply,the diversification of service providers increases the difficulty of coordination,and the dynamic game between public welfare and socialized services increases the uncertainty expectation.Therefore,it is necessary to promote the rebalance between supply and demand of agricultural productive services for small farmers from the aspects of strengthening the top-level design of service system,giving full play to the role of internet integration,promoting the innovation of service mode,exploring the mode of government purchasing public welfare services,and promoting the integrated development of service subjects.