中国耕地多功能评价及分区管控

Multi-function Evaluation and Zoning Control of Cultivated Land in China

研究目的:揭示全国市级尺度上耕地生产、生活与生态功能的空间分布特征,开展分区保护划定,协调耕地多功能性以服务国家耕地保护战略。研究方法:综合评价法、空间自相关分析与三角坐标图分析。研究结果:(1)2017年全国耕地多功能存在显著空间差异,生产功能呈“东高西低、北高南低”的分布特点,生活功能呈“两头高、中间低,内陆高、沿海低”的分布特征,而生态功能沿胡焕庸线呈“东低西高”的分布格局;(2)全国耕地生产、生活和生态功能均呈空间聚集性分布特点,据此基于空间聚集性及全国农业区划提出耕地多功能分区方案;(3)全国各市耕地多功能之间的协调度存在显著差异,高值区以生态主导型和协调型为主,低值区以协调型为主,据此提出基于空间协调度的耕地多功能分区方案。研究结论:全国耕地多功能呈明显空间分异规律,相应分区方案可为宏观层面耕地保护的精准施策及空间管控提供决策支持。

The purposes of this study are to reveal the spatial distribution characteristics of cultivated land production,living and ecological functions at the scale of prefecture-level cities in China,and to develop zoning protection and demarcation,to coordinate the versatility of cultivated land to implement the national cultivated land protection strategy.The research methods include comprehensive evaluation method,spatial autocorrelation analysis and triangular coordinate diagram analysis.The results showed that:1)in 2017,there were significant spatial differences in the multifunction of cultivated land in China.The production function was higher in the east and lower in the west,and higher in the north and lower in the south.The living function was higher at both ends and lower in the middle.The distribution pattern of ecological functions along Hu Huanyong Line was“low in the east and high in the west”.2)The production,living and ecological functions of cultivated land in China all show spatial aggregation distribution characteristics,so the multi-functional zoning scheme of cultivated land is proposed based on spatial aggregation and the National Agricultural Regionalization.3)There are significant differences in the coordination degree of cultivated land functions among the prefecture-level cities in China.The high-value areas are dominated by ecological orientation and coordination,while the low-value areas are dominated by coordination.Therefore,a multi-function zoning scheme of cultivated land based on spatial coordination degree is proposed.In conclusion,the multi-function of cultivated land in China shows obvious spatial differentiation law,and the corresponding zoning scheme can provide decision-making support for the precise implementation and spatial control of cultivated land protection at the macro level.