人口老龄化视阈下中老年劳动供给影响因素分析

Analysis on Influencing Factors of Middle-aged and Elderly Labor Supplyfrom Perspective of Population Aging

为了开发中老年劳动力资源,释放社会整体活力,增加中老年劳动供给,运用CLAD方法分析了45周岁以上的中老年人的保险、健康、个人特征、家庭特征方面对其劳动供给时间的影响。研究发现,领取退休金会减少中老年人的劳动供给时间;健康对中老年劳动供给有显著的正影响,健康状况越好,中老年提供的劳动供给时间越长;男性、居住在农村、居住地一般不发生变化、已婚与配偶一同居住的中老年人愿意提供更多的劳动时间;传统家庭养老提供的劳动供给量相对较少;年龄对劳动供给的影响呈现倒“U”型,对于中老年人,年龄越大,劳动供给越少;受教育的程度越高,中老年劳动供给越多;收入对中老年劳动供给有显著的正影响。

In order to develop the labor resources of middle-aged and elderly people,release the overall vitality of society and increase the labor supply of middle-aged and elderly people,CLAD method is used to analyze the influence of insurance,health,personal characteristics and family characteristics of middle-aged and elderly people over 45 on their labor supply time.The study shows that receiving a pension will reduce the labor supply time of the elderly;health has a significant positive impact on the labor supply of the elderly,the better the health status,the longer the labor supply provided by the elderly;the elderly male,living in rural areas,without residence change,married and living with spouse are willing to provide more working hours;the labor supply provided by the traditional family pension is relatively small;the influence of age on labor supply is inverted U type.For the middle-aged and elderly,the older the age,the less the labor supply;the higher the level of education,the more labor supply in the elderly,and income has a significant positive impact on the labor supply of the elderly.