施氮量对番茄果实鲜质量积累的影响

Effect of different nitrogen application rate on the fresh weight accumulation of tomato

为探讨施氮量对番茄果实鲜质量积累的影响,以千禧番茄为试验材料,设置施氮量为0(N_(0))、225(N_(1))、450(N_(2))、675 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(3))4个处理,通过测定不同生长时期番茄果实的鲜质量,模拟出施氮量与番茄果实鲜质量的logistic方程。结果表明:(1)4个处理的果实鲜质量积累值拟合logistic方程的R 2均接近1,果实鲜质量积累值表现为“渐增-快增-缓增”的趋向,58.32%的果实鲜质量是在快增期积累;N_(2)处理的渐增期、快增期和缓增期的果实鲜物质积累量与最大鲜物质积累量分别为133.24、364.00、126.93和630.50 g·株^(-1),均显著大于N_(0)、N_(1)和N_(3)处理。(2)果实鲜质量累积速度的增长动态曲线为“倒抛物线”,其中N_(2)处理在渐增期、快增期、缓增期、全生育期果实鲜质量积累平均速度及其积累最大速度分别为2.01、11.97、3.35、13.65和4.63 g·d^(-1)·株^(-1),均显著大于N_(0)、N_(1)和N_(3)处理。(3)果实鲜质量快速积累开始时间、快速积累结束时间、快速积累高峰期出现时间及其有效积累期呈现随施氮量的增加而增加的趋势。综上,为了获得高产,建议施氮量为450 kg·hm^(-2)。

In order to reveal the effect of different nitrogen application rates on the fresh weight of tomato fruit,tomato variety of Qianxi was used as the experimental material,four nitrogen application treatments with 0(N_(0)),225(N_(1)),450(N_(2))and 675 kg·hm^(-2)(N_(3))were set up in the field experiments.The results showed that:the fresh weight accumulations of tomato fruit accord with logistic curve and show the change rule of slow-quick-slow.During the quick increasing period,58.32%fresh weight are absorbed.The accumulation amount and the maximum accumulation amount of fresh weight of N_(2)treatment were significantly higher than that of the other three treatments.(2)The dynamic curve of fruit fresh weight accumulation rate is“inverse parabola”.Fruit fresh weight accumulation rate and the maximum rate in increasing gradually period,rapid increasing period,slow increasing period and the duration of growth are 2.01,11.97,3.35,13.65 and 4.63 g·d^(-1)·plant^(-1),significantly higher than that of the other three treatments.(3)With the increase of N dosage,start time,end time,peak time and effective accumulation period of rapid accumulation were gradually increased.In conclusion,it is recommended to apply 450 kg of pure nitrogen per hectare for obtaining higher yield.