三个楸树优良无性系的组培快繁技术研究

Tissue Culture of Three Superior Clones of Catalpa Bungei

楸树由于自花不孕,结实量少,种子发芽率低,通过实生繁殖较困难.以开花量较大的楸树优良单株(DH1、DH2和DH5)为试材,开展组织培养研究,以期建立高效的组织快繁体系为今后楸树良种产业化生产提供理论借鉴.结果显示:①DKW培养基为3种材料最适宜的基本培养基;②最适宜的初代培养基为DKW+1.0 g/L活性炭+0.8%琼脂+2.5%蔗糖+0.1 mg/L IBA+1.0 mg/L 6-BA,接种30 d时,DH1、DH2和DH5的腋芽萌发率分别为83.33%、86.67%和70.00%;③最适宜的增殖培养基为DKW+0.6%琼脂+2.5%蔗糖+3.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L IBA,接种35 d时,DH1、DH2和DH5的增殖系数分别达到6.53、6.70和5.47;④DKW+0.8%琼脂+2.5%蔗糖+0.2 mg/L NAA+0.1 mg/L IBA或DKW+0.8%琼脂+2.5%蔗糖+0.2 mg/L NAA+0.2 mg/L IBA均适宜3种材料的生根培养,接种30 d时,DH1、DH2和DH5的生根率均达到95%以上,生根数量介于7.13~9.37条,根长介于4.6~5.0 cm.因此不同楸树种类或品种对培养基成分,尤其是激素种类与浓度的要求有所不同,应针对品种建立相应的组培快繁体系.

Due to self flowering infertility,little seed setting and low seed germination,it is difficult to propagate through seedling.Taking the superior individual of Catalpa bungei(DH1,DH2 and DH5)with large flowering amount as test materials,tissue culture research is carried out in order to establish an efficient tissue rapid propagation system and provide a theoretical reference for the industrialized production of Catalpa bungei in the future.The results showed that:①DKW basic medium was suitable for tissue culture;②The optimum initial culture medium was DKW+1.0 g/L activated carbon+0.8%agar+2.5%sucrose+0.1 mg/L IBA+1.0 mg/L 6-BA.The germination rates of axillary buds were 83.33%,86.67%and 70.00%after growing for 30 d,respectively;③The best medium for cluster bud induction was DKW+0.6%agar+2.5%sucrose+3.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L IBA.DH1,DH2 and DH5 proliferated strong shoots and displayed multiplication factor of 6.53,6.70 and 5.47 after growing for 35 d,respectively;④DKW+0.8%agar+2.5%sucrose+0.2 mg/L NAA+0.1 mg/L IBA or DKW+0.8%agar+2.5%sucrose+0.2 mg/L NAA+0.2 mg/L IBA were suitable for the rooting medium,and the rooting rate was above 95%after growing for 30 d,the number of rooting ranged from 7.13 to 9.37,and the root length ranged from 4.6 to 5.0 cm.Therefore,different species or varieties of Catalpa bungei have different requirements for medium components,especially hormone types and concentrations.Corresponding tissue culture rapid propagation lines should be established for varieties.