平台垄断的经济影响路径与竞争政策规制

Economic Influence Path and Competition Policy Regulation of Platform Monopoly

【目的/意义】随着数字经济的发展,平台垄断成为近年来反垄断执法领域研究的重点课题。平台经济因为其特殊的双边市场机制和服务免费的特点,其反垄断规制在传统的SSNIP执法模式下遭遇困境。竞争政策是调控经济发展的重要手段,在规制垄断的同时必须兼顾保护经济模式对经济的积极作用。【设计/方法】首先讨论平台垄断的竞争政策发展现状,从数据对创新影响的实证经济研究中找到平台垄断对经济影响的经验线索,再采用熊彼特宏观经济增长模型对平台垄断的市场结构影响进行分析。【结论/发现】垄断平台投资过度集中于对数据中专用性知识的挖掘,而使投资结构不合理,进而破坏了平台经济的规模经济效果。从国内外平台垄断规制研究研究成果中总结出理论依据,对平台垄断的竞争政策规制提出政策思路。

[Purpose/Significance]With the development of digital economy,platform monopoly has become a key topic in the field of anti-monopoly law enforcement in recent years.Because of its special bilateral market mechanism and free service,platform economy has encountered difficulties in the traditional SSNIP enforcement mode.Competition policy is important to regulate economic development.While regulating monopoly,the positive role of protecting economic model on economy must be taken into consideration.[Design/Methodology]This paper summarizes the development of competition policy on platform monopoly.Then the empirical clues of the impact of platform monopoly on the economy from the empirical economic research of the impact of data on innovation are found.And a Schumpeter macroeconomic growth model is applied to analyze the impact of platform monopoly on the market structure.[Findings/Conclusions]Monopoly platform investment is over concentrated on mining the special knowledge in data,which makes the investment structure unreasonable,and destroys the scale economic effect of platform economy.This paper summarizes the theoretical basis from the research results of domestic and foreign platform monopoly regulation and puts forward policy suggestions for the regulation of platform monopoly competition policy.