基于CFD的冰雪环境高速列车道砟飞溅研究

CFD-based Study on railway ballast splash of high speed train in ice and snow environment

为研究冰雪环境对高速列车道砟飞溅的影响,基于计算流体力学理论,构建CRH5型高速列车模型,分析得到运行工况和路面冰雪堆积对道床表面压力场的影响,通过定义最大负压保持值评估参数,衡量砟石飞溅可能性.计算结果表明:1)交汇工况下道床表面压力波动更为剧烈,最大负压为-1093 Pa,最大负压保持值为-550 Pa。2)道床堆积冰雪层厚度是重要影响因素,随着厚度增加,负压峰值和最大负压保持值逐渐增大。3)冰雪堆积形成的凸起/凹陷处相当于冰雪层厚度局部增大/减小。4)将砟石简化为球体,在最恶劣工况下,临界飞溅砟石等效质量为0.152 kg。

In order to study the impact of ice and snow environment on railway ballast splashing of high-speed train,a CRH5 high-speed train model is constructed based on computational fluid dynamics.The impact on the surface of track bed of operating conditions and pavement ice and snow accumulation on the pressure field is ana-lyzed.The possibility of ballast splashing is measured by defining the evaluation parameters of maximum negative pressure holding value.The calculation results show that:1)under the intersection condition,the pressure fluc-tuation on the surface of track bed is more intense,the maximum negative pressure is-1093pa,and the maxi-mum negative pressure holding value is-550pa.2)the thickness of accumulated ice and snow layer in track bed is an important factor.W ith the increase of thickness,the peak negative pressure and maximum negative pressure holding value gradually increase.3)the bulge/depression formed by ice and snow accumulation is equivalent to the local increase/decrease of ice and snow layer thickness.4)when the ballast stone is simplified as a sphere,under the worst working conditions,the equivalent mass of critical splash ballast stone is 0.152 kg.