突发公共卫生事件中公民隐私权与知情权的冲突及平衡

Conflict and Balance Between Citizens’Right to Privacy and Right of Knowing in Public Health Emergencies

新冠疫情在蔓延过程中,一方面许多患者或疑似患者为了保护自身利益选择隐瞒病情;另一方面,疑似或者确诊患者的个人信息在网络上被大肆散布,给当事人身心带来损害。这种情况的出现本质上是隐私权和知情权在突发公共卫生事件中冲突的结果,而原因在于二者代表的法益不同,人们价值观存在差异,以及相关法律规范的缺失等,亟待从遵循协调原则、隐私公开的强制性和有限性结合、完善立法、加强社会监督等方面予以完善。

In the process of spreading COVID-19,on the one hand,many patients or suspected patients choose to conceal their condition to protect their own interests.On the other hand,the personal information of suspected or confirmed patients is wantonly spread on the Internet,causing physical and mental damage to the parties.The emergence of this situation is essentially the result of the conflict between the right to privacy and the right of knowing in public health emergencies.The reason lies in the different legal interests represented by the two,the differences in people’s values,and the lack of relevant legal norms.It is urgent to improve it from the aspects of following the coordination principle,the combination of mandatory and limited privacy,perfecting legislation,strengthening social supervision and so on.