围生儿发生出生缺陷的危险因素分析

Analysis on risk factors of birth defects in perinatal infants

目的探讨围生儿发生出生缺陷(BD)的相关危险因素,为预防围生儿BD提供参考。方法选取176例BD围生儿为缺陷组,同时随机选取352例未发生BD的新生儿为对照组;采用单因素χ^(2)值检和多因素Logistic回归法分别筛选围生儿发生BD的危险因素。结果影响围生儿发生BD的危险因素包括产妇年龄(OR=3.086)、主动被动吸烟史(OR=2.881)、无婚检(OR=2.450)、无规律产检(OR=5.165)、不良孕产史(OR=4.200)、孕期接触有害物质(OR=4.754)及孕早期药物服用史(OR=3.307)等。结论影响围生儿发生BD的危险因素较多,应重视出生缺陷和优生优育的健康宣教,建立围生儿出生缺陷的综合防治体系,降低围生儿出生缺陷的发生率。

Objective To explore the related risk factors of birth defects in perinatal infants,provide reference for preventing the occurrence of birth defects.Methods A total of 176 perinatal infants with birth defects were chosen as defect group,352 neonates without birth defects were selected as control group.The risk factors of birth defects were respectively screened by univariateχ;test and multivariate Logistic regression analysis.Results The risk factors of birth defects in perinatal infants included maternal age(OR=3.086),history of active and passive smoking(OR=2.881),without premarital examination(OR=2.450),irregular prenatal examination(OR=5.165),history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth(OR=4.200),exposure to harmful substances during pregnancy(OR=4.754),and medication history in early pregnancy(OR=3.307).Conclusion There are many risk factors affecting birth defects in perinatal infants.More attention should be paid to health education of birth defects and eugenics,a comprehensive prevention and control system for birth defects of perinatal infants should be built to reduce the incidence rate of birth defects in perinatal infants.