中山市农村地区成年人烟草危害认知影响因素分析

Analysis of cognition and influencing factors of tobacco harm among adult residents in rural areas of Zhongshan city

目的了解中山市农村地区成年人对烟草危害的认知现状及影响因素,为优化控烟策略提供科学依据。方法2018-08-01-2018-09-30采用多阶段抽样方法,在中山市农村地区根据地理分布和经济发展水平选取3个村共9个生产队,对其≥18岁成年人进行吸烟行为问卷调查。采用单因素和多因素Logistic回归分析成年人对烟草危害的认知现状及影响因素。结果中山市农村地区成年人的吸烟率为22.52%。除肺部疾病外,居民对吸烟及二手烟烟雾导致疾病危害的认知普遍较低,对烟草危害的总体认知平均评分为(26.98±5.781)分,其中吸烟者和不吸烟者的认知评分分别为(27.57±5.345)和(26.80±5.897)分。2组人群对吸烟及二手烟危害的认识基本一致,但不吸烟者同意控制烟草消费的比例为49.42%,高于吸烟者的26.00%;文化程度是居民烟草危害认知水平的主要影响因素。结论中山市农村地区成年人对烟草危害的认知普遍较低,且吸烟人群和不吸烟人群对烟草消费的态度认知差异明显。应积极开展对全人群的烟草危害普及宣传,提高居民对烟草危害的认知水平。

Objective To understand the cognitive status and influencing factors of tobacco hazards among adult residents in rural areas of Zhongshan,and to provide the scientific basis for optimizing tobacco control strategies.Methods A multistage sampling method was adopted according to geographical distribution and local economy development status in rural areas in Zhongshan city between August and September 2018.A total of nine corps from three villages were recruited in the study.A questionnaire survey was conducted among adults aged above 18 years on smoking behavior.Both univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis were performed to explore factors associated with the levels of harm perceptions of tobacco.Results The smoking rate of adult residents in rural areas of Zhongshan was 22.52%.Except for the lung diseases,the residents’cognition of the disease harm caused by smoking and the second-hand smoke was generally low.The average cognitive score of tobacco harm was 26.98±5.781,in which the cognitive score of smokers and non-smokers was 27.57±5.345 and 26.80±5.897,respectively,and the proportion in non-smokers who agreed to control the tobacco consumption(49.42%)was significantly higher than that of smokers(26.00%).Education level was the main influencing factor of residents’smoking behavior.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that education was the influencing factor of cognition level of tobacco harm.Conclusions Adults in rural areas of Zhongshan city generally have a low awareness of tobacco hazards,and there is a significant difference between smokers and non-smokers in their attitude towards on tobacco consumption.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out the publicity of tobacco hazards for the whole population actively to improve the residents’awareness of tobacco hazards.