面向薄壁零件加工变形与振动控制的智能装夹技术研究进展

Intelligent Clamping Technology for Machining Deformation and Vibration Control of Thin-wall Parts:A Review of Recent Progress

薄壁零件由于其弱刚性导致的切削加工变形与振动极大地影响着产品的最终质量。合理的装夹能够控制加工变形与振动,有效提升薄壁零件的加工稳定性。随着新型传感与控制算法的发展,现代夹具逐渐向智能化方向发展,集成夹紧力控制、变形补偿、实时监测、动态反馈调整等功能于一体的智能夹具应运而生,并成为学术界和工业界的研究热点。本文梳理了薄壁零件装夹方案优化方法及其加工辅助支撑技术、综述了当前关于智能夹具架构、具体应用及其控制策略的国内外研究现状,最后总结了当前装夹方案优化及智能夹具研究方面所存在的问题并提出下一步的研究方向。

The machining deformation and vibration of thin-walled parts due to inherent weak rigidity greatly affect the final quality of products.Reasonable clamping can control the machining deformation and vibration,improve the machining stability of thin-walled parts effectively.With the development of new sensing and control algorithms,modern fixtures are gradually developing towards the direction of intelligence.Intelligent fixtures integrated clamping force control,deformation compensation,real-time monitoring,dynamic feedback adjustment and other functions have emerged and became new research hotspot in academia and industry.Therefore,the clamping scheme optimization method and machining auxiliary support technology of thin-walled parts is combed in this paper.The current research status at home and abroad about system architecture,specific application and control strategy of intelligent fixture are also reviewed systematically.Ultimately,the extant problems in clamping scheme optimization and intelligent fixture are concluded and the potential development trends are proposed.